The foundation of higher education in the country was established for the first time in the year 1311 Annu Hijri Solar with the creation of the Medical Faculty in Kabul. 

Subsequently, several universities were founded in different years:
- Kabul University (1325 Annu Hijri Solar)
- Nangarhar University (1343 Annu Hijri Solar)
- Kabul Polytechnic University (1348 Annu Hijri Solar)  

The Ministry of Higher Education was established in the year 1356 Annu Hijri Solar to oversee and advance the educational institutions in the country. 

In accordance with government directives in 1373 Annu Hijri Solar, technical, professional, and vocational studies were separated from the Ministry of Higher Education and transferred to the Ministry of Education. Additionally, all bachelor's level pedagogies were also removed from the Ministry of Education and affiliated with the Ministry of Higher Education.